Pavel Durov is a Russian-born billionaire whose interests include doinghalf-naked photoshootswith baby goats and having lots and lots of (human) kids. The 40-year-old billionaire founder and CEO of the messaging app Telegram revealed last year–in a post on his own app– that while he isn’t married and prefers to live alone, he has over 100 biological children in 12 countries via sperm donation.
Durov’s reproductive choices madeheadlinesagain this week after the tech tycoon told the French political magazineLe Pointthat he is going to leave his fortune, estimated at almost $14bn, to all of his children. Durov has six children he fathered naturally with three different partners as well as the children he has via sperm donation.
“They are all my children and will all have the same rights. I don’t want them to tear each other apart after my death,” he told Le Point.
What possessed Durov, who wascharged last year in Franceover allegations that Telegram is being used for illicit activity, to populate the world with so many mini-mes? (Hehas denied failing to cooperatewith authorities and Telegram has denied having poor moderation.) Well, like Elon Musk and a number of other tech types, Durov is a pronatalist who is worried about global fertility rates declining. He’s chosen to take a hands-on approach to tackling the issue, fundingfree IVF treatmentsfor women at AltraVita IVF Clinic inMoscowfor anyone who uses his sperm. If you’re interested, and I’m sure that a lot of people will be now that Durov has laid out the terms of his will, he’s still gotsperm on ice at the clinic.
Durov first donated his sperm over 15 years ago, in order to help a friend. Then, he said in hisTelegrampost last year, he realised he ought to donate more widely. “The boss of the clinic told me that ‘high quality donor material’ was in short supply and that it was my civic duty to donate more sperm to anonymously help more couples,” Durov said in the post. Durov added that he wants to “help destigmatize the whole notion of sperm donation and incentivize more healthy men to do it.”
Having used a sperm donor to conceive my own child, I’m all for destigmatizing sperm donation. Particularly as there is amajor lack of sperm donorsamong certain demographics: at one point last year, for example, there were only adozen Black sperm donorsat the four main cryobanks in the US.
But, and this is a very bigbut,there is an enormous difference between destigmatizing artificial insemination and one person thinking it is their “civic duty” to conceive 100-plus children. Allowing a single individual to procreate so prolifically raises complex ethical issues. There’s the possibility of accidental incest in the future, as well as the potential psychological impact that stems from someone discovering they have 100 siblings. There are also potential medical problems:earlier this year it was reportedthat the sperm of a man with a rare cancer-causing mutation was used to conceive at least 67 children.
Is Durov even allowed to donate to so many different couples? The short answer is yes. The law regarding how many children can be conceived from one donor is complicated and varies from country to country. In places like France there are strict national limits while in the US (and Russia) there is no national law limiting the number of donations one person can make. Reputable cryobanks, however, do claim to have their own self-imposed limits. The European Sperm Bank applies aworldwide limitof 75 families for each sperm donor. California Cryobank, one of the largest providers in the US, has said it tries to limit donations toabout 25-30 families.
However these cryobanks are also extremelyexpensive, particularly after the pandemic, when shortages meant spermflation kicked in, and there is a completely unregulated market for sperm via Facebook groups and private websites where people can match with potential donors. This has allowed unscrupulous people like Jonathan Jacob Meijer of the Netherlands tofather hundreds of children.
As artificial insemination becomes more common, there is a desperate need to better regulate the industry and limit the number of children conceived from a single sperm donor. Indeed, Sweden, along with seven other countries including Belgium,raised the topicwith EU ministers this week. “This issue has been left unresolved for too long,”an official from Belgiumtold POLITICO, adding that an “international limit is a first step in the right direction.”
Let’s hope that these limits get put in place sooner rather than later. Because I have an inkling that Elon Musk, who seems to be going alittle off the rails, might take all the chatter about Durov’s progeny as a personal challenge.
These include messages like: “Did you know that the unborn child is discarded as hospital waste?”The Guardian reportsthat this is the “latest example of a growing trend acrossBrazilto further restrict access to abortion in a country that already has some of the world’s most restrictive laws”.
The caveat here is that overdiagnosis could be contributing to this increasing.Per Axios, one study “found that routine skin exams have increased and pathologists now more often classify ambiguous lesions as melanoma”. (You should still get yourself checked and avoid tanning beds!)
The judge who didthisisMatthew Kacsmaryk, a Trump appointee who previously worked for a conservative Christian legal activist group and has made his anti-abortion views very clear.
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Arwa Mahdawi is a Guardian columnist